Page 33 - Toucan_Modules_EN
P. 33
Building insulation
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In the era of constantly increasing energy costs, it is important to minimize heat losses
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f f from external partitions. Architecture causes the occurrence of numerous thermal
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bridges, through which a lot of heat escapes to the outside during the heating season.
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I I It is very well visible in the photos from the research of the object with a thermal
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i i imaging camera. On their basis, it is possible to locate the places of the greatest heat
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losses and take measures to eliminate them.
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T Thermal modernization is the best way to improve the energy efficiency of existing
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buildings and insulating the building includes the following activities:
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· Insulation of external partitions – laying an insulation layer that will prevent
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cooling down or overheating of the interior of the building,
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· Replacement of doors and windows – selection of appropriate models with high
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insulation properties that will avoid thermal bridges,
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· Roof insulation – a well-chosen roof allows one to reduce heat losses by up to
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several dozen percent.
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An excellent example of such activities is the thermal modernization of one of the
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b b u i i l l d i i n g s s o f f S t t i i r r l l i i n g U n i i v e r r s s i i t t y [ [ 2 9 ] ] . . T T h e o l l d b u i i l l d i i n g w a s s t t h e r r m a l l l l y i i n e f f f f e c t t i i v e a n d a s s e r r i i e s s
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buildings of Stirling University [29]. The old building was thermally ineffective and a series
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of thermal imaging studies was commissioned. They were made before and after
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o o f f t t h e r r m a l l i i m a g i i n g s s t t u d i i e s s w a s s c o m m i i s s s s i i o n e d . . T T h e y w e r r e m a d e b e f f o r r e a n d a f f t t e r r
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construction works increasing the insulation of external partitions. The “Before”
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t t temperatures, which means that less heat is escaping through the partitions than
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before (Fig. 4).
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Figure 4. Thermogram before and after thermal modernization of the building
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Heating system and hot water system
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The second stage of thermal modernization is the assessment of the efficiency of the
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h e a t s o u r c e i n t h e b u i l d i n g a n d i t s p o s s i b l e r e p l a c e m e n t , a s w e l l a s t h e i m p r o v e m e n t o f
heat source in the building and its possible replacement, as well as the improvement of
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t t the efficiency of devices and fittings cooperating with the source. The most effective
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heat sources are gas boilers or heat pumps. It is especially worth considering
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c o n d e n s i n g b o i l e r s w h i c h , a p a r t f r o m t h e c o m b u s t i o n e n e r g y , a l s o u s e t h e h e a t
condensing boilers which, apart from the combustion energy, also use the heat
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c c o n t t a i i n e d i i n t t h e w a t t e r r v a p o r r f f r r o m t t h e f f l l u e g a s s . . I I n a t t r r a d i i t t i i o n a l l b o i i l l e r r , , e x h a u s s t t f f u m e s s
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contained in the water vapor from the flue gas. In a traditional boiler, exhaust fumes
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with a temperature in excess of 300°C are often released. The condensing boiler uses a
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w w i i t t h a t t e m p e r r a t t u r r e i i n e x c e s s s s o f f 3 0 0 ° ° C a r r e o f f t t e n r r e l l e a s s e d . . T T h e c o n d e n s s i i n g b o i i l l e r r u s s e s s a
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larger or additional heat exchanger to reduce this heat to just around 50°C. For
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significantly reduce energy costs. This action was taken at the InterContinental Hotel in
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