Page 69 - Toucan_Modules_EN
P. 69
e
e
e
s
r
e
R
f
n
c
3.6. References
A
h
e
t
w
g
t
n
t
i
h
a
a
3
d
f
o
0
A
n
e
e
n
0
g
a
f
n
o
l
e
b
s
S
u
a
i
t
r
p
n
l
o
e
i
t
m
a
e
D
d
e
y
v
u
r
1. 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with the Agenda for Humanity
m
2
H
:
n
e
h
https://www.un.org/fr/desa/humanitarian-sdgs-interlinking-2030-agenda-
s
/
a
f
o
d
/
p
r
e
s
d
/
.
w
a
r
a
i
a
i
n
t
w
n
g
/
/
u
a
a
.
n
m
w
h
u
g
t
r
t
t
o
d
e
l
e
n
v
e
p
sustainable-development-agenda?gclid=CjwKCAjw4c-
m
ZBhAEEiwAZ105RfGX5GYPtfMZbn77VHmHN-jhnnncV-
M
V
B
f
Z
7
0
E
R
Y
H
n
P
E
5
7
f
m
A
t
Z
b
1
h
i
Z
G
G
H
5
w
N
X
A
2
o
j
B
h
r
v
w
g
A
t
OhKN1er5hGtgvFBjRWP312uRoCWeMQAvD_BwE
e
R
5
_
C
W
B
G
1
u
D
Q
O
R
M
1
h
N
e
K
W
3
E
P
F
v
r
l
.
A
A
l
r
u
m
m
t
,
n
D
i
g
:
i
e
p
s
K
e
e
i
h
i
u
s
i
o
s
s
t
m
r
s
b
n
s
u
l
a
,
S
A
&
e
p
g
v
s
a
y
g
f
,
s
i
s
2. Asmelash, A. G., & Kumar, S. Assessing progress of tourism sustainability: Developing
e
r
a
o
s
G
t
o
a
s
n
o
.
.
a n d v a l i d a t i n g s u s t a i n a b i l i t y i n d i c a t o r s . ( 2 0 1 9 )
and validating sustainability indicators. (2019)
e
s
l
s
L
L
,
i
,
C
l
n
C
r
l
l
m
i
m
i
3. Camillo De Camillis, Paul Peeters, Luigia Petti and Andrea Raggi (Department of
P
P
u
P
,
,
P
p
u
p
a
a
e
t
e
t
l
C
i
r
C
l
n
t
e
e
e
s
e
s
t
e
e
a
a
a
l
l
l
l
a
r
d
i
d
n
n
i
r
t
D
t
t
e
t
t
e
t
o
o
i
i
o
(
(
o
R
a
R
a
a
a
a
f
g
g
g
a
a
g
f
n
i
i
n
A
A
d
e
r
a
e
m
d
r
m
D
m
i
P
e
D
i
e
e
a
a
m
g
u
i
D
i
g
u
P
n
Sciences, Università degli Studi “G. d’Annunzio”, Pescara). Tourism Life Cycle
o
G
n
c
S
n
e
a
P
d
A
“
”
e
e
S S c i i e n c e s s , , U n i i v e r r s s i i t t à d e g l l i i S t t u d i i “ G . . d ’ ’ A n n u n z i i o ” , , P e s s c a r r a ) ) . . T T o u r r i i s s m L i i f f e C y c l l e
m
e
c
n
a
o
d
U
n
c
d
L
à
u
g
y
e
u
C
c
v
z
e
u
e
r
o
l
o
l
a
N
u
f
w
e
m
S
w
e
w
w
o
e
e
o
m
r
r
r
F
F
r
r
S
t
t
a
a
a
a
a
a
e
a
e
o
a
o
l
l
d
d
h
s
s
h
f
f
t
t
k
k
o
o
o
o
i
i
f
o
o
n
N
p
p
c
c
n
u
g
o
i
s
o
l
a
M
l
o
i
g
o
r
s
M
r
e
l
Assessment (LCA): Proposal of a New Methodological Framework for Sustainable
b
e
l
a
b
a
u
)
Consumption and Production (2012)
P
(
n
d
i
n
o
a
p
c
o
2
C
0
n
i
r
o
n
d
u
1
s
2
t
o
t
m
e
e
v
S
S
d
v
v
r
e
J
r
v
d
J
a
r
n
a
a
r
r
a
s
a
t
t
s
s
a
n
r
u
u
t
t
u
u
m
m
n
n
n
n
.
i
i
e
a
d
i
a
i
a
z
z
i
i
i
i
d
l
m
m
i
l
i
a
i
e
e
n
n
i
k
k
s
E
a
a
E
A
A
i
i
e
.
a
a
a
a
a
,
,
s
s
s
e
k
,
,
k
g
g
s
,
i
D
u
S
B
e
d
B
i
i
4. Dalia Streimikiene, Biruta Svagzdiene, Edmundas Jasinskas, Arturas Simanaviciu.
t
i
i
u
,
S
t
D
m
r
s
u
d
c
i
c
u
s
a
r
n
S
m
a
e
S
a
n
i
t
o
d
m
l
o
d
l
Sustainable tourism development and competitiveness: The systematic literature
t
S S
c
c
e
u
o
p
i
u
p
o
p
p
e
e
s
i
i
e
s
e
i
e
e
t
e
T
T
e
h
h
s
t
c
t
s
e
e
u
e
e
n
m
e
c
n
s
:
:
r
a
t
b
b
e
m
m
e
n
a
a
n
n
t
n
n
a
s
n
d
d
t
m
m
t
l
m
o
s
r
o
r
v
m
a
i
v
r
l
s
e
e
t
e
v
v
e
i
i
e
t
t
t
a
a
s
s
i
e
t
i
a
t
t
i
u
i
a
u
r
u
t
t
y
y
l
s
s
r
l
a
review (2020)
5. Energy as a Service - Innovation Landscape Brief, International Renewable Energy Innovation Landscape Brief, International Renewable Energy Innovation Landscape Brief, International Renewable Energy
Agency (IRENA) (2020)
a
m
o
a
a
l
s
p
m
E
(
n
E
i
r
r
p
o
n
p
(
s
s
i
y
A
A
u
,
l
u
i
d
n
,
d
a
t
r
t
s
f
p
s
a
e
y
e
r
s
e
e
E
f
b
g
g
)
t
n
t
o
t
f
o
t
r
r
r
r
n
m
n
c
c
m
c
f
g
o
t
o
b
6. Energy Management (Air Transport), Excerpt from Indicators of sustainable
t
T
g
T
c
a
o
a
I
n
)
e
I
M
r
a
r
r
r
M
n
n
a
e
e
i
a
e
s
E
s
a
a
x
o
x
r
t
e
r
i
n
n
n
e
i
t
v
W
o
n
u
o
d
b
o
e
e
o
G
o
u
m
m
p
d
o
development of tourism destinations, A Guidebook, World Tourism Organization
d d e v e l l o p m e n t t o f f t t o u r r i i s s m d e s s t t i i n a t t i i o n s s , , A G u i i d e b o o k , , W o r r l l d T T o u r r i i s s m O r r g a n i i
A
o
d
e
n
a
e
n
u
a
o
g
e
m
O
n
k
(2004)
a
a
a
a
o
u
n
n
r
a
M
M
o
r
a
y
c
T
T
y
d
d
u
c
o
o
g
g
a
m
r
r
a
)
,
,
n
n
)
g
i
i
g
i
e
i
m
s
s
e
l
d
l
m
c
d
(
(
E
c
E
m
x
C
t
t
x
C
e
e
r
t
t
e
o
o
t
r
f
o
e
e
e
r
t
C
C
r
s
f
a
a
o
f
e
e
h
h
I
n
p
p
r
f
I
r
n
e
n
g
g
e
n
n
7. Energy Management (Climate Change and Tourism), Excerpt from Indicators of
E
E
i
m
i
m
a
m
m
t
n
n
s
t
n
a
,
u
,
t
o
n
n
t
T
v
t
k
t
T
k
v
u
s
s
o
o
a
n
n
t
t
m
s
s
m
a
m
m
o
o
i
l
o
o
l
p
r
r
p
i
l
l
d
s
i
s
i
W
,
i
i
,
n
n
i
e
a
a
o
n
n
d
e
e
W
i
e
s s sustainable development of tourism destinations, A Guidebook, World Tourism
o
o
t
t
e
e
d
s
d
b
b
r
u
f
i
l
u
o
o
d
t
u
u
G
G
u
d
s
e
l
u
i
s
e
s
t
m
A
e
A
a
r
m
d
d
e
b
r
i
o
r
e
i
f
e
o
a
b
o
o
Organization (2004)
l
i
r
m
t
(
c
p
t
E
e
r
e
t
r
s
n
e
e
p
r
n
t
c
d
s
M
o
,
g
o
r
r
a
a
m
m
T
g
n
r
r
E
e
i
s
u
o
n
a
n
t
y
a
d
x
I
8. Energy Management (Tourism-related Transport), Excerpt from Indicators of
a
f
T
)
e
o
l
o
r
o
l
u
t
o
u
r
n
n
t
o
b
b
,
,
,
s
,
s
T
k
u
o
o
u
o
k
o
A
A
T
a
d
a
i
G
n
i
i
d
n
d
d
e
s
s
W
G
i
s s sustainable development of tourism destinations, A Guidebook, World Tourism
e
W
f
i
i
f
n
n
r
t
o
o
t
t
t
o
t
t
v
a
a
v
r
e
e
o
o
o
m
e
e
m
s
b
b
e
d
d
e
l
l
s
s
u
d
d
u
i
i
s
u
r
r
u
a
p
p
a
e
i
l
e
i
m
t
m
e
m
s
m
s
e
t
n
n
o
o
i
l
i
Organization (2004)
o
f
a
o
n
m
t
n
m
a
n
e
a
t
s
r
l
l
s
r
n
n
n
p
e
i
i
a
e
9. Energy Management, Excerpt from Indicators of sustainable development of
a
I
n
n
t
o
o
n
m
I
p
n
m
a
e
g
v
E
e
f
g
e
E
n
E
n
v
e
c
e
x
x
e
d
d
E
f
e
c
,
t
t
a
e
e
a
t
f
b
b
,
o
t
t
m
e
r
r
e
p
p
o
l
m
l
t
y
s
s
s
t
f
f
a
d
d
M
r
r
e
r
u
g
u
o
o
i
c
c
y
o
M
r
e
s
a
g
i
o
e
a
o
a
n
s
n
s
i
i
o
,
o
d
o
t
r
t
d
l
l
,
0
0
u
i
b
b
u
d
z
z
i
d
r
i
i
m
m
o
u
0
n
o
m
u
o
(
t
tourism destinations, A Guidebook, World Tourism Organization (2004)
t t
2
2
G
G
(
s
t
o
s
d
o
o
d
A
u
t
t
e
i
i
i
0
u
i
)
n
m
)
a
A
i
T
i
a
T
s
r
r
O
a
s
o
O
o
r
r
k
s
s
k
r
r
i
W
g
g
W
,
4
a
4
i
,
o
o
n
n
e
n
e
n
P
c
e
)
n
n
e
10. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - 2010
g
t
(
P
r
i
A
o
o
c
y
t
E
A
https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data
h t t p s : / / w w w . e p a . g o v / g h g e m i s s i o n s / g l o b a l e m i s s i o n s
A
r
c
R
s
n
t
B
i
e
m
o
o
M
t
E
e
f
r
t
E
n
n
e
e
o
c
D
o
v
n
-
11. European Commission - EMAS Sectoral Reference Document on Best Environmental
r
S
e
a
l
e
c
S
e
n
u
m
2
t
c
e
r
o
M
a
u
S
r
T
n
)
6
t
e
e
m
Management Practice in the Tourism Sector (2016)
(
e
0
i
a
c
n
e
c
g
m
1
o
i
r
P
h
t
t
a
i
n
s
V
a
í
s
V
,
p
,
R
H
J
l
a
u
r
i
v
i
n
e
L
i
i
d
e
a
d
b
a
m
S
é
o
,
P
r
l
a
t
M
e
l
í
12. Hélder Silva Lopes, Paula Remoaldo, Vítor Ribeiro, Javier Martín-Vide - The Use of
o
t
e
a
l
i
e
R
o
e
r
o
d
v
o
r
r
r
r
S
t
S
i
i
s
A
a
c
A
s
a
c
b
e
u
e
c
c
b
r
r
o
o
o
o
i
u
i
t
i
i
m
p
a
i
p
a
a
i
a
l
l
o
e
a
t
t
i
i
i
i
l
l
c
m
v
n
n
v
m
o
e
l
l
C
C
a
t
a
t
a
a
i
i
a
t
e
e
t
r
h
h
t
t
r
n
o
u
t
t
n
o
o
e
P
f
f
P
e
s
s
e
o
t
t
m
d
C C
d
Collaborative Practices for Climate Change Adaptation in the Tourism Sector until l l
T
T
e
a
e
a
C
r
r
o
c
n
o
e
n
n
r
r
h
g
g
h
t
t
C
n
u
2040—A Case Study in the Porto Metropolitan Area (Portugal) (2022)
p
o
i
l
o
M
o
r
t
e
a
e
o
P
(
n
a
t
r
A
u
t
S
y
d
A
a
C
e
s
P
e
t
r
o
n
i
h
t
r
2
l
0
2
u
(
a
t
2
)
g
)
t
r
h
t
h
i
O
r
s
s
i
O
y
o
P
N
o
é
P
p
p
N
o
y
f
f
e
o
e
o
Ó
C
Ó
G
C
G
y
y
S
A
S
,
,
P
P
e
A
e
v
v
i
f
i
e
e
o
S
S
(
(
n
n
f
U
U
o
o
t
f
f
t
s
t
s
t
r
g
13. JÁNOS CSAPÓ (University of Pécs, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Geography,
y
i
y
n
n
n
e
n
e
e
I
c
c
S
c
S
s
e
I
i
c
i
r
,
,
,
u
,
F
F
c
Á
t
c
Á
s
t
s
s
J
u
t
J
u
l
l
t
i
u
é
a
a
c
a
c
g
a
D e p a r t m e n t o f T o u r i s m ) . E n e r g y E f f i c i e n c y i n T o u r i s m T o w a r d s a M o r e S u s t a i n a b l e
Department of Tourism). Energy Efficiency in Tourism – Towards a More Sustainable
Travel Industry (2013)
u
M
l
i
l
e
n
i
n
14. Millennium Alliance for Humanity and the Biosphere (MAHB)
t
i
y
m
u
n
a
h
t
e
n
a
d
a
i
c
n
l
m
l
A
r
o
H
f
e
https://mahb.stanford.edu/what-is-the-mahb/
h t t p s : / / m a h b . s t a n f o r d . e d u / w h a t
| 73